sexta-feira, 14 de fevereiro de 2014

Paisagens como letras

No século 19, o artista Charles Joseph Hullmandel criou um alfabeto inteiro utilizando paisagens para construir as letras.
Uma fonte especialíssima, em exposição online no British Museum.
Veja algumas destas letras:

Series of 26 landscape scenes shaped as letters of the alphabet; rebound in a 20th-century binding. Letter A: upper part composed of three figures around a fire at the edge of a slope to small pond, forming the lower part of the letter; outline by trees. Letter B: a vista on level country, outlined by trees and branches and the edge of a rise with two figures as the bottom part of the letter. Letter C: a castle on cliffs on the left; waves of the sea shaping the lower curve, clouds the upper one. Letter D: a semi-circular landscape scence with mountains in right distance; a crag with trees shaping the left outline of the letter. Letter E: a ruinous gate, the right part of its arch broken, a tree on the left stretching to the right and two men standing on the right pointing at the ruin. Letter F: a tree trunk and two branches stretching to the right at the top and in the middle. Letter G: a country road winding in a curve to the right with a horse-and-cart at its end, and sided on the left with trees, their branches shaping the upper curve of the letter. Letter H: two rocks at a lake connected by a bridge crossed by a figure and a cow. Letter I: a country road with three figures, one on horseback, sided by trees as left outline, and meandering up to a castle as upper end of the letter. Letter J: bottom curve formed of a lake with two fishermen standing on the left, right outline shaped by a rock with small waterfalls and surmounted with trees stretching to the left. Letter K: two trees growing on each side of a river, crossing over it; surrounded with reed at the bottom forming the serifs. Letter L: a seascape with a cliff and flying gulls as left outline, the sea shaping the bottom outline, a sailingboat as serif on the right. Letter M: composed of willows and a spruce growing at a pond with ducks on the left; the branches growing into opposite directions outlining the two triangles of the letter. Letter N: composed of a triangular shaped ruin to left and a tree to right, located at a river or lake. Letter O: a river as bottom part of the oval, sided by a rock on the left and a tree on the right, its branches growing to the left forming the upper outline of the oval. Letter P: a tree with two branches growing to the right and connected by a man, standing on the lower branch, clinging unto the upper. Letter Q: bottom composed of a river winding from right to left and a stone bridge spanning over it from left to right shore; outlined at left and right by hills with trees. Letter R: a ruinous wall with arch and pointed window above it, a shepherd herding sheep and cows through the arch. Letter S: composed of two sailing boats one on distant left, one in foreground carried to the right by a wave, and of clouds and seagulls above. Letter T: a tree with a flat treetop spreading to left and right, two stags to the foot of the tree trunk. Letter U: a valley with rocks on the left and trees on right side and a figure on horseback in between. Letter V: composed of a wood with a clearing at its centre, stags lying or standing on the lawn. Letter W: a ruinous mossy pointed arch in landscape, flanked by two trees growing in opposite directions. Letter X: composed of a small hill, sunlit on the left side and surmounted with trees growing into opposite directions; hares at the foot of the hill. Letter Y: Two juxtaposed trees, growing at a river and stretching into opposite directions; two cows in front of trees, the right one drinking out of the river. Letter Z: composed of a pond at bottom, from which some steps lead up to a small hut over which a tree is stretching to the left. Lithograph

Series of 26 landscape scenes shaped as letters of the alphabet; rebound in a 20th-century binding. Letter A: upper part composed of three figures around a fire at the edge of a slope to small pond, forming the lower part of the letter; outline by trees. Letter B: a vista on level country, outlined by trees and branches and the edge of a rise with two figures as the bottom part of the letter. Letter C: a castle on cliffs on the left; waves of the sea shaping the lower curve, clouds the upper one. Letter D: a semi-circular landscape scence with mountains in right distance; a crag with trees shaping the left outline of the letter. Letter E: a ruinous gate, the right part of its arch broken, a tree on the left stretching to the right and two men standing on the right pointing at the ruin. Letter F: a tree trunk and two branches stretching to the right at the top and in the middle. Letter G: a country road winding in a curve to the right with a horse-and-cart at its end, and sided on the left with trees, their branches shaping the upper curve of the letter. Letter H: two rocks at a lake connected by a bridge crossed by a figure and a cow. Letter I: a country road with three figures, one on horseback, sided by trees as left outline, and meandering up to a castle as upper end of the letter. Letter J: bottom curve formed of a lake with two fishermen standing on the left, right outline shaped by a rock with small waterfalls and surmounted with trees stretching to the left. Letter K: two trees growing on each side of a river, crossing over it; surrounded with reed at the bottom forming the serifs. Letter L: a seascape with a cliff and flying gulls as left outline, the sea shaping the bottom outline, a sailingboat as serif on the right. Letter M: composed of willows and a spruce growing at a pond with ducks on the left; the branches growing into opposite directions outlining the two triangles of the letter. Letter N: composed of a triangular shaped ruin to left and a tree to right, located at a river or lake. Letter O: a river as bottom part of the oval, sided by a rock on the left and a tree on the right, its branches growing to the left forming the upper outline of the oval. Letter P: a tree with two branches growing to the right and connected by a man, standing on the lower branch, clinging unto the upper. Letter Q: bottom composed of a river winding from right to left and a stone bridge spanning over it from left to right shore; outlined at left and right by hills with trees. Letter R: a ruinous wall with arch and pointed window above it, a shepherd herding sheep and cows through the arch. Letter S: composed of two sailing boats one on distant left, one in foreground carried to the right by a wave, and of clouds and seagulls above. Letter T: a tree with a flat treetop spreading to left and right, two stags to the foot of the tree trunk. Letter U: a valley with rocks on the left and trees on right side and a figure on horseback in between. Letter V: composed of a wood with a clearing at its centre, stags lying or standing on the lawn. Letter W: a ruinous mossy pointed arch in landscape, flanked by two trees growing in opposite directions. Letter X: composed of a small hill, sunlit on the left side and surmounted with trees growing into opposite directions; hares at the foot of the hill. Letter Y: Two juxtaposed trees, growing at a river and stretching into opposite directions; two cows in front of trees, the right one drinking out of the river. Letter Z: composed of a pond at bottom, from which some steps lead up to a small hut over which a tree is stretching to the left. Lithograph

Series of 26 landscape scenes shaped as letters of the alphabet; rebound in a 20th-century binding. Letter A: upper part composed of three figures around a fire at the edge of a slope to small pond, forming the lower part of the letter; outline by trees. Letter B: a vista on level country, outlined by trees and branches and the edge of a rise with two figures as the bottom part of the letter. Letter C: a castle on cliffs on the left; waves of the sea shaping the lower curve, clouds the upper one. Letter D: a semi-circular landscape scence with mountains in right distance; a crag with trees shaping the left outline of the letter. Letter E: a ruinous gate, the right part of its arch broken, a tree on the left stretching to the right and two men standing on the right pointing at the ruin. Letter F: a tree trunk and two branches stretching to the right at the top and in the middle. Letter G: a country road winding in a curve to the right with a horse-and-cart at its end, and sided on the left with trees, their branches shaping the upper curve of the letter. Letter H: two rocks at a lake connected by a bridge crossed by a figure and a cow. Letter I: a country road with three figures, one on horseback, sided by trees as left outline, and meandering up to a castle as upper end of the letter. Letter J: bottom curve formed of a lake with two fishermen standing on the left, right outline shaped by a rock with small waterfalls and surmounted with trees stretching to the left. Letter K: two trees growing on each side of a river, crossing over it; surrounded with reed at the bottom forming the serifs. Letter L: a seascape with a cliff and flying gulls as left outline, the sea shaping the bottom outline, a sailingboat as serif on the right. Letter M: composed of willows and a spruce growing at a pond with ducks on the left; the branches growing into opposite directions outlining the two triangles of the letter. Letter N: composed of a triangular shaped ruin to left and a tree to right, located at a river or lake. Letter O: a river as bottom part of the oval, sided by a rock on the left and a tree on the right, its branches growing to the left forming the upper outline of the oval. Letter P: a tree with two branches growing to the right and connected by a man, standing on the lower branch, clinging unto the upper. Letter Q: bottom composed of a river winding from right to left and a stone bridge spanning over it from left to right shore; outlined at left and right by hills with trees. Letter R: a ruinous wall with arch and pointed window above it, a shepherd herding sheep and cows through the arch. Letter S: composed of two sailing boats one on distant left, one in foreground carried to the right by a wave, and of clouds and seagulls above. Letter T: a tree with a flat treetop spreading to left and right, two stags to the foot of the tree trunk. Letter U: a valley with rocks on the left and trees on right side and a figure on horseback in between. Letter V: composed of a wood with a clearing at its centre, stags lying or standing on the lawn. Letter W: a ruinous mossy pointed arch in landscape, flanked by two trees growing in opposite directions. Letter X: composed of a small hill, sunlit on the left side and surmounted with trees growing into opposite directions; hares at the foot of the hill. Letter Y: Two juxtaposed trees, growing at a river and stretching into opposite directions; two cows in front of trees, the right one drinking out of the river. Letter Z: composed of a pond at bottom, from which some steps lead up to a small hut over which a tree is stretching to the left. Lithograph

Series of 26 landscape scenes shaped as letters of the alphabet; rebound in a 20th-century binding. Letter A: upper part composed of three figures around a fire at the edge of a slope to small pond, forming the lower part of the letter; outline by trees. Letter B: a vista on level country, outlined by trees and branches and the edge of a rise with two figures as the bottom part of the letter. Letter C: a castle on cliffs on the left; waves of the sea shaping the lower curve, clouds the upper one. Letter D: a semi-circular landscape scence with mountains in right distance; a crag with trees shaping the left outline of the letter. Letter E: a ruinous gate, the right part of its arch broken, a tree on the left stretching to the right and two men standing on the right pointing at the ruin. Letter F: a tree trunk and two branches stretching to the right at the top and in the middle. Letter G: a country road winding in a curve to the right with a horse-and-cart at its end, and sided on the left with trees, their branches shaping the upper curve of the letter. Letter H: two rocks at a lake connected by a bridge crossed by a figure and a cow. Letter I: a country road with three figures, one on horseback, sided by trees as left outline, and meandering up to a castle as upper end of the letter. Letter J: bottom curve formed of a lake with two fishermen standing on the left, right outline shaped by a rock with small waterfalls and surmounted with trees stretching to the left. Letter K: two trees growing on each side of a river, crossing over it; surrounded with reed at the bottom forming the serifs. Letter L: a seascape with a cliff and flying gulls as left outline, the sea shaping the bottom outline, a sailingboat as serif on the right. Letter M: composed of willows and a spruce growing at a pond with ducks on the left; the branches growing into opposite directions outlining the two triangles of the letter. Letter N: composed of a triangular shaped ruin to left and a tree to right, located at a river or lake. Letter O: a river as bottom part of the oval, sided by a rock on the left and a tree on the right, its branches growing to the left forming the upper outline of the oval. Letter P: a tree with two branches growing to the right and connected by a man, standing on the lower branch, clinging unto the upper. Letter Q: bottom composed of a river winding from right to left and a stone bridge spanning over it from left to right shore; outlined at left and right by hills with trees. Letter R: a ruinous wall with arch and pointed window above it, a shepherd herding sheep and cows through the arch. Letter S: composed of two sailing boats one on distant left, one in foreground carried to the right by a wave, and of clouds and seagulls above. Letter T: a tree with a flat treetop spreading to left and right, two stags to the foot of the tree trunk. Letter U: a valley with rocks on the left and trees on right side and a figure on horseback in between. Letter V: composed of a wood with a clearing at its centre, stags lying or standing on the lawn. Letter W: a ruinous mossy pointed arch in landscape, flanked by two trees growing in opposite directions. Letter X: composed of a small hill, sunlit on the left side and surmounted with trees growing into opposite directions; hares at the foot of the hill. Letter Y: Two juxtaposed trees, growing at a river and stretching into opposite directions; two cows in front of trees, the right one drinking out of the river. Letter Z: composed of a pond at bottom, from which some steps lead up to a small hut over which a tree is stretching to the left. Lithograph

Series of 26 landscape scenes shaped as letters of the alphabet; rebound in a 20th-century binding. Letter A: upper part composed of three figures around a fire at the edge of a slope to small pond, forming the lower part of the letter; outline by trees. Letter B: a vista on level country, outlined by trees and branches and the edge of a rise with two figures as the bottom part of the letter. Letter C: a castle on cliffs on the left; waves of the sea shaping the lower curve, clouds the upper one. Letter D: a semi-circular landscape scence with mountains in right distance; a crag with trees shaping the left outline of the letter. Letter E: a ruinous gate, the right part of its arch broken, a tree on the left stretching to the right and two men standing on the right pointing at the ruin. Letter F: a tree trunk and two branches stretching to the right at the top and in the middle. Letter G: a country road winding in a curve to the right with a horse-and-cart at its end, and sided on the left with trees, their branches shaping the upper curve of the letter. Letter H: two rocks at a lake connected by a bridge crossed by a figure and a cow. Letter I: a country road with three figures, one on horseback, sided by trees as left outline, and meandering up to a castle as upper end of the letter. Letter J: bottom curve formed of a lake with two fishermen standing on the left, right outline shaped by a rock with small waterfalls and surmounted with trees stretching to the left. Letter K: two trees growing on each side of a river, crossing over it; surrounded with reed at the bottom forming the serifs. Letter L: a seascape with a cliff and flying gulls as left outline, the sea shaping the bottom outline, a sailingboat as serif on the right. Letter M: composed of willows and a spruce growing at a pond with ducks on the left; the branches growing into opposite directions outlining the two triangles of the letter. Letter N: composed of a triangular shaped ruin to left and a tree to right, located at a river or lake. Letter O: a river as bottom part of the oval, sided by a rock on the left and a tree on the right, its branches growing to the left forming the upper outline of the oval. Letter P: a tree with two branches growing to the right and connected by a man, standing on the lower branch, clinging unto the upper. Letter Q: bottom composed of a river winding from right to left and a stone bridge spanning over it from left to right shore; outlined at left and right by hills with trees. Letter R: a ruinous wall with arch and pointed window above it, a shepherd herding sheep and cows through the arch. Letter S: composed of two sailing boats one on distant left, one in foreground carried to the right by a wave, and of clouds and seagulls above. Letter T: a tree with a flat treetop spreading to left and right, two stags to the foot of the tree trunk. Letter U: a valley with rocks on the left and trees on right side and a figure on horseback in between. Letter V: composed of a wood with a clearing at its centre, stags lying or standing on the lawn. Letter W: a ruinous mossy pointed arch in landscape, flanked by two trees growing in opposite directions. Letter X: composed of a small hill, sunlit on the left side and surmounted with trees growing into opposite directions; hares at the foot of the hill. Letter Y: Two juxtaposed trees, growing at a river and stretching into opposite directions; two cows in front of trees, the right one drinking out of the river. Letter Z: composed of a pond at bottom, from which some steps lead up to a small hut over which a tree is stretching to the left. Lithograph

Series of 26 landscape scenes shaped as letters of the alphabet; rebound in a 20th-century binding. Letter A: upper part composed of three figures around a fire at the edge of a slope to small pond, forming the lower part of the letter; outline by trees. Letter B: a vista on level country, outlined by trees and branches and the edge of a rise with two figures as the bottom part of the letter. Letter C: a castle on cliffs on the left; waves of the sea shaping the lower curve, clouds the upper one. Letter D: a semi-circular landscape scence with mountains in right distance; a crag with trees shaping the left outline of the letter. Letter E: a ruinous gate, the right part of its arch broken, a tree on the left stretching to the right and two men standing on the right pointing at the ruin. Letter F: a tree trunk and two branches stretching to the right at the top and in the middle. Letter G: a country road winding in a curve to the right with a horse-and-cart at its end, and sided on the left with trees, their branches shaping the upper curve of the letter. Letter H: two rocks at a lake connected by a bridge crossed by a figure and a cow. Letter I: a country road with three figures, one on horseback, sided by trees as left outline, and meandering up to a castle as upper end of the letter. Letter J: bottom curve formed of a lake with two fishermen standing on the left, right outline shaped by a rock with small waterfalls and surmounted with trees stretching to the left. Letter K: two trees growing on each side of a river, crossing over it; surrounded with reed at the bottom forming the serifs. Letter L: a seascape with a cliff and flying gulls as left outline, the sea shaping the bottom outline, a sailingboat as serif on the right. Letter M: composed of willows and a spruce growing at a pond with ducks on the left; the branches growing into opposite directions outlining the two triangles of the letter. Letter N: composed of a triangular shaped ruin to left and a tree to right, located at a river or lake. Letter O: a river as bottom part of the oval, sided by a rock on the left and a tree on the right, its branches growing to the left forming the upper outline of the oval. Letter P: a tree with two branches growing to the right and connected by a man, standing on the lower branch, clinging unto the upper. Letter Q: bottom composed of a river winding from right to left and a stone bridge spanning over it from left to right shore; outlined at left and right by hills with trees. Letter R: a ruinous wall with arch and pointed window above it, a shepherd herding sheep and cows through the arch. Letter S: composed of two sailing boats one on distant left, one in foreground carried to the right by a wave, and of clouds and seagulls above. Letter T: a tree with a flat treetop spreading to left and right, two stags to the foot of the tree trunk. Letter U: a valley with rocks on the left and trees on right side and a figure on horseback in between. Letter V: composed of a wood with a clearing at its centre, stags lying or standing on the lawn. Letter W: a ruinous mossy pointed arch in landscape, flanked by two trees growing in opposite directions. Letter X: composed of a small hill, sunlit on the left side and surmounted with trees growing into opposite directions; hares at the foot of the hill. Letter Y: Two juxtaposed trees, growing at a river and stretching into opposite directions; two cows in front of trees, the right one drinking out of the river. Letter Z: composed of a pond at bottom, from which some steps lead up to a small hut over which a tree is stretching to the left. Lithograph

Series of 26 landscape scenes shaped as letters of the alphabet; rebound in a 20th-century binding. Letter A: upper part composed of three figures around a fire at the edge of a slope to small pond, forming the lower part of the letter; outline by trees. Letter B: a vista on level country, outlined by trees and branches and the edge of a rise with two figures as the bottom part of the letter. Letter C: a castle on cliffs on the left; waves of the sea shaping the lower curve, clouds the upper one. Letter D: a semi-circular landscape scence with mountains in right distance; a crag with trees shaping the left outline of the letter. Letter E: a ruinous gate, the right part of its arch broken, a tree on the left stretching to the right and two men standing on the right pointing at the ruin. Letter F: a tree trunk and two branches stretching to the right at the top and in the middle. Letter G: a country road winding in a curve to the right with a horse-and-cart at its end, and sided on the left with trees, their branches shaping the upper curve of the letter. Letter H: two rocks at a lake connected by a bridge crossed by a figure and a cow. Letter I: a country road with three figures, one on horseback, sided by trees as left outline, and meandering up to a castle as upper end of the letter. Letter J: bottom curve formed of a lake with two fishermen standing on the left, right outline shaped by a rock with small waterfalls and surmounted with trees stretching to the left. Letter K: two trees growing on each side of a river, crossing over it; surrounded with reed at the bottom forming the serifs. Letter L: a seascape with a cliff and flying gulls as left outline, the sea shaping the bottom outline, a sailingboat as serif on the right. Letter M: composed of willows and a spruce growing at a pond with ducks on the left; the branches growing into opposite directions outlining the two triangles of the letter. Letter N: composed of a triangular shaped ruin to left and a tree to right, located at a river or lake. Letter O: a river as bottom part of the oval, sided by a rock on the left and a tree on the right, its branches growing to the left forming the upper outline of the oval. Letter P: a tree with two branches growing to the right and connected by a man, standing on the lower branch, clinging unto the upper. Letter Q: bottom composed of a river winding from right to left and a stone bridge spanning over it from left to right shore; outlined at left and right by hills with trees. Letter R: a ruinous wall with arch and pointed window above it, a shepherd herding sheep and cows through the arch. Letter S: composed of two sailing boats one on distant left, one in foreground carried to the right by a wave, and of clouds and seagulls above. Letter T: a tree with a flat treetop spreading to left and right, two stags to the foot of the tree trunk. Letter U: a valley with rocks on the left and trees on right side and a figure on horseback in between. Letter V: composed of a wood with a clearing at its centre, stags lying or standing on the lawn. Letter W: a ruinous mossy pointed arch in landscape, flanked by two trees growing in opposite directions. Letter X: composed of a small hill, sunlit on the left side and surmounted with trees growing into opposite directions; hares at the foot of the hill. Letter Y: Two juxtaposed trees, growing at a river and stretching into opposite directions; two cows in front of trees, the right one drinking out of the river. Letter Z: composed of a pond at bottom, from which some steps lead up to a small hut over which a tree is stretching to the left. Lithograph

Series of 26 landscape scenes shaped as letters of the alphabet; rebound in a 20th-century binding. Letter A: upper part composed of three figures around a fire at the edge of a slope to small pond, forming the lower part of the letter; outline by trees. Letter B: a vista on level country, outlined by trees and branches and the edge of a rise with two figures as the bottom part of the letter. Letter C: a castle on cliffs on the left; waves of the sea shaping the lower curve, clouds the upper one. Letter D: a semi-circular landscape scence with mountains in right distance; a crag with trees shaping the left outline of the letter. Letter E: a ruinous gate, the right part of its arch broken, a tree on the left stretching to the right and two men standing on the right pointing at the ruin. Letter F: a tree trunk and two branches stretching to the right at the top and in the middle. Letter G: a country road winding in a curve to the right with a horse-and-cart at its end, and sided on the left with trees, their branches shaping the upper curve of the letter. Letter H: two rocks at a lake connected by a bridge crossed by a figure and a cow. Letter I: a country road with three figures, one on horseback, sided by trees as left outline, and meandering up to a castle as upper end of the letter. Letter J: bottom curve formed of a lake with two fishermen standing on the left, right outline shaped by a rock with small waterfalls and surmounted with trees stretching to the left. Letter K: two trees growing on each side of a river, crossing over it; surrounded with reed at the bottom forming the serifs. Letter L: a seascape with a cliff and flying gulls as left outline, the sea shaping the bottom outline, a sailingboat as serif on the right. Letter M: composed of willows and a spruce growing at a pond with ducks on the left; the branches growing into opposite directions outlining the two triangles of the letter. Letter N: composed of a triangular shaped ruin to left and a tree to right, located at a river or lake. Letter O: a river as bottom part of the oval, sided by a rock on the left and a tree on the right, its branches growing to the left forming the upper outline of the oval. Letter P: a tree with two branches growing to the right and connected by a man, standing on the lower branch, clinging unto the upper. Letter Q: bottom composed of a river winding from right to left and a stone bridge spanning over it from left to right shore; outlined at left and right by hills with trees. Letter R: a ruinous wall with arch and pointed window above it, a shepherd herding sheep and cows through the arch. Letter S: composed of two sailing boats one on distant left, one in foreground carried to the right by a wave, and of clouds and seagulls above. Letter T: a tree with a flat treetop spreading to left and right, two stags to the foot of the tree trunk. Letter U: a valley with rocks on the left and trees on right side and a figure on horseback in between. Letter V: composed of a wood with a clearing at its centre, stags lying or standing on the lawn. Letter W: a ruinous mossy pointed arch in landscape, flanked by two trees growing in opposite directions. Letter X: composed of a small hill, sunlit on the left side and surmounted with trees growing into opposite directions; hares at the foot of the hill. Letter Y: Two juxtaposed trees, growing at a river and stretching into opposite directions; two cows in front of trees, the right one drinking out of the river. Letter Z: composed of a pond at bottom, from which some steps lead up to a small hut over which a tree is stretching to the left. Lithograph
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